STM32驱动0.96寸OLED液晶屏一、OLED简述二、上下或左右的滑动显示长字符三、显示AHT20的温度和湿度四、总结

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我是靠谱客的博主会撒娇服饰，这篇文章主要介绍STM32驱动0.96寸OLED液晶屏一、OLED简述二、上下或左右的滑动显示长字符三、显示AHT20的温度和湿度四、总结，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

一、OLED简述
- 1.OLED模块简介
- 2.SSD1306控制芯片驱动
- 3.如何显示字符
- 4.字幕显示原理
二、上下或左右的滑动显示长字符
三、显示AHT20的温度和湿度
四、总结

一、OLED简述

1.OLED模块简介

OLED，即有机发光二极管（Organic Light-Emitting Diode），又称为有机电激光显示（Organic Electroluminesence Display， OELD）。OLED由于同时具备自发光，不需背光源、对比度高、厚度薄、视角广、反应速度快、可用于挠曲性面板、使用温度范围广、构造及制程较简单等优异之特性，被认为是下一代的平面显示器新兴应用技术。

LCD都需要背光，而OLED不需要，因为它是自发光的。这样同样的显示，OLED效果要来得好一些。OLED的尺寸难以大型化，但是分辨率确可以做到很高。
在这里插入图片描述

2.SSD1306控制芯片驱动

我们以STM32单片机为例，使用5个GPIO模拟SPI总线与SSD1306总线进行通讯。因为STM32与OLED屏的通讯只是单向数据传输，即只存在STM32向OLED屏发送数据，不涉及到读取返回数据，所以我们要实现显示功能之前，需要根据SPI写操作时序图，先实现一个向SSD1306写入一个字节的函数实现。
SSD1306使用4Wire SPI写操作的时序图

封装一个向SSD1306写入一个字节的函数，
函数原型为：

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void OLED_WR_Byte(uint8_t dat,uint8_t cmd);

其中：
dat为待写入的数据或者命令；
cmd为数据或命令标志，0表示命令；1表示数据。

由上面SPI操作的时序图可知，IO引脚的时序如下所示：
①首选看发送的字节是命令还是数据，如果是命令，OLED_DC（D/C）引脚置0，即低电平；如果是数据，OLED_DC（D/C）引脚置1，即高电平。

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if(cmd)    
OLED_DC_Set();
else    
 OLED_DC_Clr();

②片选OLED_CS（CS）引脚置0，即拉低（硬件电路中CS引脚也可以直接与GND相连，这样就不用操作CS引脚了）。

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OLED_CS_Clr();

③1个字节的数据有8位，将8位数据由高到低的顺序发出，数据要在OLED_SCLK（D0）引脚的上升沿之前设置好，所以要先将OLED_SCLK（D0）置低，然后将一位数据送至OLED_SDIN（D1）引脚，然后将OLED_SCLK（D0）置高，这样一位数据就发送出去了，如此循环8次，一个字节的数据就发送出去了。

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for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{                             
OLED_SCLK_Clr();   
 if(dat&0x80)      
    OLED_SDIN_Set();   
  else     
     OLED_SDIN_Clr();
     OLED_SCLK_Set();  
      dat<<=1;  
 }

④8位数据发送完毕之后，将OLED_CS（CS）引脚拉高，即置1，恢复至初始状态。

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OLED_CS_Set();
OLED_CS_Set();
OLED_DC_Set();

3.如何显示字符

在初始化OLED之后，如何在屏幕上显示字符呢？
在这之前，先了解一下SSD1306内部的RAM；SSD1306内部有个SRAM称为GDDRAM（Graphic Display Data RAM），大小是128 × 64 bits，被分为8个 PAGE，用于单色128×64点阵显示，当我们往这个RAM写入数据，就会显示特定内容，如图：
在这里插入图片描述

上面’COL’的含义是GDDRAM列（column）

在页寻址模式下，每当对RAM进行读写操作之后，列地址指针会自动+1，直到列地址指针指向列结束地址后，会重新指向列开始地址；而且在该模式下，一定要设置新的页面和列地址才能访问下一个页面的内容，所以设置显示字符之前一般都会调用下面几句语句来确定显示位置：

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OLED_WR_Byte (0xb0+i,OLED_CMD);    //设置页地址（0~7）OLED_WR_Byte (0x00,OLED_CMD);      //设置显示位置—列低地址OLED_WR_Byte (0x10,OLED_CMD);      //设置显示位置—列高地址封装设置

显示位置的函数如下：

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void OLED_Set_Pos(unsigned char x, unsigned char y) 
{        
 OLED_WR_Byte(0xb0+y,OLED_CMD);        
 OLED_WR_Byte(((x&0xf0)>>4)|0x10,OLED_CMD);        OLED_WR_Byte((x&0x0f)|0x01,OLED_CMD); 
 }

例如如果页地址设为B2h，低列地址为03h，而高列地址为00h，那么也就意味着开始列是PAGE2的SEG3，而RAM的获取指针定位到下图中。而输入的数据将会被写入列3的位置。
在这里插入图片描述

所以确定好了显示位置，直接输出字符对应的像素数据数组就好了。

4.字幕显示原理

字幕显示原理我们用的OLED液晶屏是由12864个发光点阵组成，即分辨率是12864。 ASCII码可以68、88、816像素，汉字一般显示像素为1616。一般为了显示效果理想，英文和数字常选用8*16像素显示。

二、上下或左右的滑动显示长字符

1.水平左右移动

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OLED_WR_Byte(0x2E,OLED_CMD);        //关闭滚动
OLED_WR_Byte(0x26,OLED_CMD);        //水平向左或者右滚动 26/27
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);        //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);        //起始页 0
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD);        //滚动时间间隔
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD);        //终止页 7
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);        //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0xFF,OLED_CMD);        //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0x2F,OLED_CMD);        //开启滚动

2.垂直水平滚动

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OLED_WR_Byte(0x2E,OLED_CMD);        //关闭滚动
OLED_WR_Byte(0x26,OLED_CMD);        //水平向左或者右滚动 26/27
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);        //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);        //起始页 0
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD);        //滚动时间间隔
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD);        //终止页 7
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);        //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0xFF,OLED_CMD);        //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0x2F,OLED_CMD);        //开启滚动

3.汉字取模

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0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x01,0x00,0x3F,0xF8,0x02,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x08,0x20,
  0x10,0x10,0x2F,0xE8,0xC8,0x26,0x08,0x20,0x0F,0xE0,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x0F,0xE0,/*"春",0*/
  0x00,0x00,0x3F,0xF0,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x28,0x50,0x24,0x50,0x22,0x90,0x22,0x90,
  0x21,0x10,0x21,0x10,0x22,0x90,0x22,0x92,0x24,0x4A,0x48,0x4A,0x40,0x06,0x80,0x02,/*"风",1*/
  0x10,0x90,0x10,0x90,0x10,0x90,0x12,0x92,0xFD,0x94,0x10,0x98,0x30,0x90,0x39,0x98,
  0x56,0x94,0x54,0x92,0x90,0x90,0x10,0x90,0x11,0x12,0x11,0x12,0x12,0x12,0x14,0x0E,/*"桃",2*/
  0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x03,0x80,0x05,0x40,0x09,0x20,0x31,0x18,0xC1,0x06,
  0x0F,0xE0,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x80,0xFF,0xFE,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x05,0x00,0x02,0x00,/*"李",3*/
  0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0xFF,0xFE,0x08,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x88,0x08,0x90,0x10,0xA0,
  0x30,0xC0,0x50,0x80,0x91,0x80,0x12,0x82,0x14,0x82,0x10,0x82,0x10,0x7E,0x10,0x00,/*"花",4*/
  0x00,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0xFF,0xFE,
  0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x40,0x20,/*"开",5*/
  0x02,0x00,0x01,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x08,0x80,0x08,0x80,0x10,0xF8,0x11,0x08,0x31,0x48,
  0x52,0x28,0x95,0x10,0x11,0x10,0x10,0xA0,0x10,0x40,0x10,0xA0,0x11,0x18,0x16,0x06,/*"夜",6*/

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  0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x01,0x00,0x3F,0xF8,0x02,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x08,0x20,
  0x10,0x10,0x2F,0xE8,0xC8,0x26,0x08,0x20,0x0F,0xE0,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x0F,0xE0,/*"春",0*/
  0x00,0x00,0x3F,0xF0,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x28,0x50,0x24,0x50,0x22,0x90,0x22,0x90,
  0x21,0x10,0x21,0x10,0x22,0x90,0x22,0x92,0x24,0x4A,0x48,0x4A,0x40,0x06,0x80,0x02,/*"风",1*/
  0x10,0x90,0x10,0x90,0x10,0x90,0x12,0x92,0xFD,0x94,0x10,0x98,0x30,0x90,0x39,0x98,
  0x56,0x94,0x54,0x92,0x90,0x90,0x10,0x90,0x11,0x12,0x11,0x12,0x12,0x12,0x14,0x0E,/*"桃",2*/
  0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x03,0x80,0x05,0x40,0x09,0x20,0x31,0x18,0xC1,0x06,
  0x0F,0xE0,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x80,0xFF,0xFE,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x05,0x00,0x02,0x00,/*"李",3*/
  0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0xFF,0xFE,0x08,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x88,0x08,0x90,0x10,0xA0,
  0x30,0xC0,0x50,0x80,0x91,0x80,0x12,0x82,0x14,0x82,0x10,0x82,0x10,0x7E,0x10,0x00,/*"花",4*/
  0x00,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0xFF,0xFE,
  0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x40,0x20,/*"开",5*/
  0x02,0x00,0x01,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x08,0x80,0x08,0x80,0x10,0xF8,0x11,0x08,0x31,0x48,
  0x52,0x28,0x95,0x10,0x11,0x10,0x10,0xA0,0x10,0x40,0x10,0xA0,0x11,0x18,0x16,0x06,/*"夜",6*/

4.main函数

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#include "delay.h"
#include "sys.h"
#include "oled.h"
#include "gui.h"
#include "test.h"
int main(void)
{	
	delay_init();	    	       //延时函数初始化	  
	NVIC_Configuration(); 	   //设置NVIC中断分组2:2位抢占优先级，2位响应优先级 	
	OLED_Init();			         //初始化OLED  
	OLED_Clear(0);             //清屏（全黑）
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x2E,OLED_CMD);        //关闭滚动
    OLED_WR_Byte(0x27,OLED_CMD);        //水平向左或者右滚动 26/27
    OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);        //虚拟字节
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);        //起始页 0
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD);        //滚动时间间隔
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD);        //终止页 7
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);        //虚拟字节
	OLED_WR_Byte(0xFF,OLED_CMD);        //虚拟字节
	TEST_MainPage();
	OLED_WR_Byte(0x2F,OLED_CMD);        //开启滚动
}

5.显示数据

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void TEST_MainPage(void)
{	
	//GUI_ShowString(28,0,"Harriet",16,1);
	GUI_ShowCHinese(10,20,16,"春风桃李花开夜",1);
	//GUI_ShowString(40,32,"64X128",16,1);
	delay_ms(1500);		
	delay_ms(1500);
}

6.运行结果
在这里插入图片描述

三、显示AHT20的温度和湿度

1.显示温湿度代码

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void read_AHT20(void)
{
uint8_t   i;
for(i=0; i<6; i++)
{
readByte[i]=0;
}

//-------------
I2C_Start();
I2C_WriteByte(0x71);
ack_status = Receive_ACK();
readByte[0]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[1]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();

readByte[2]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();

readByte[3]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();

readByte[4]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[5]= I2C_ReadByte();
SendNot_Ack();
//Send_ACK();

I2C_Stop();

//--------------
if( (readByte[0] & 0x68) == 0x08 )
{
H1 = readByte[1];
H1 = (H1<<8) | readByte[2];
H1 = (H1<<8) | readByte[3];
H1 = H1>>4;

H1 = (H1*1000)/1024/1024;

T1 = readByte[3];
T1 = T1 & 0x0000000F;
T1 = (T1<<8) | readByte[4];
T1 = (T1<<8) | readByte[5];

T1 = (T1*2000)/1024/1024 - 500;

AHT20_OutData[0] = (H1>>8) & 0x000000FF;
AHT20_OutData[1] = H1 & 0x000000FF;

AHT20_OutData[2] = (T1>>8) & 0x000000FF;
AHT20_OutData[3] = T1 & 0x000000FF;
}
else
{
AHT20_OutData[0] = 0xFF;
AHT20_OutData[1] = 0xFF;

AHT20_OutData[2] = 0xFF;
AHT20_OutData[3] = 0xFF;
printf("lyy");

}
/*通过串口显示采集得到的温湿度
printf("rn");
printf("温度:%d%d.%d",T1/100,(T1/10)%10,T1%10);
printf("湿度:%d%d.%d",H1/100,(H1/10)%10,H1%10);
printf("rn");*/
t=T1/10;
t1=T1%10;
a=(float)(t+t1*0.1);
h=H1/10;
h1=H1%10;
b=(float)(h+h1*0.1);
sprintf(strTemp,"%.1f",a);   //调用Sprintf函数把DHT11的温度数据格式化到字符串数组变量strTemp中  
    sprintf(strHumi,"%.1f",b);    //调用Sprintf函数把DHT11的湿度数据格式化到字符串数组变量strHumi中  
GUI_ShowCHinese(16,00,16,"温湿度显示",1);
GUI_ShowCHinese(16,20,16,"温度",1);
GUI_ShowString(53,20,strTemp,16,1);
GUI_ShowCHinese(16,38,16,"湿度",1);
GUI_ShowString(53,38,strHumi,16,1);
delay_ms(1500); 
delay_ms(1500);
}

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void read_AHT20(void)
{
uint8_t   i;
for(i=0; i<6; i++)
{
readByte[i]=0;
}

//-------------
I2C_Start();
I2C_WriteByte(0x71);
ack_status = Receive_ACK();
readByte[0]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[1]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();

readByte[2]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();

readByte[3]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();

readByte[4]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[5]= I2C_ReadByte();
SendNot_Ack();
//Send_ACK();

I2C_Stop();

//--------------
if( (readByte[0] & 0x68) == 0x08 )
{
H1 = readByte[1];
H1 = (H1<<8) | readByte[2];
H1 = (H1<<8) | readByte[3];
H1 = H1>>4;

H1 = (H1*1000)/1024/1024;

T1 = readByte[3];
T1 = T1 & 0x0000000F;
T1 = (T1<<8) | readByte[4];
T1 = (T1<<8) | readByte[5];

T1 = (T1*2000)/1024/1024 - 500;

AHT20_OutData[0] = (H1>>8) & 0x000000FF;
AHT20_OutData[1] = H1 & 0x000000FF;

AHT20_OutData[2] = (T1>>8) & 0x000000FF;
AHT20_OutData[3] = T1 & 0x000000FF;
}
else
{
AHT20_OutData[0] = 0xFF;
AHT20_OutData[1] = 0xFF;

AHT20_OutData[2] = 0xFF;
AHT20_OutData[3] = 0xFF;
printf("lyy");

}
/*通过串口显示采集得到的温湿度
printf("rn");
printf("温度:%d%d.%d",T1/100,(T1/10)%10,T1%10);
printf("湿度:%d%d.%d",H1/100,(H1/10)%10,H1%10);
printf("rn");*/
t=T1/10;
t1=T1%10;
a=(float)(t+t1*0.1);
h=H1/10;
h1=H1%10;
b=(float)(h+h1*0.1);
sprintf(strTemp,"%.1f",a);   //调用Sprintf函数把DHT11的温度数据格式化到字符串数组变量strTemp中  
    sprintf(strHumi,"%.1f",b);    //调用Sprintf函数把DHT11的湿度数据格式化到字符串数组变量strHumi中  
GUI_ShowCHinese(16,00,16,"温湿度显示",1);
GUI_ShowCHinese(16,20,16,"温度",1);
GUI_ShowString(53,20,strTemp,16,1);
GUI_ShowCHinese(16,38,16,"湿度",1);
GUI_ShowString(53,38,strHumi,16,1);
delay_ms(1500); 
delay_ms(1500);
}

2.添加点阵字

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"温",0x00,0x00,0x23,0xF8,0x12,0x08,0x12,0x08,0x83,0xF8,0x42,0x08,0x42,0x08,0x13,0xF8,
  0x10,0x00,0x27,0xFC,0xE4,0xA4,0x24,0xA4,0x24,0xA4,0x24,0xA4,0x2F,0xFE,0x00,0x00,/*"温",0*/
	"度",0x01,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x3F,0xFE,0x22,0x20,0x22,0x20,0x3F,0xFC,0x22,0x20,0x22,0x20,
  0x23,0xE0,0x20,0x00,0x2F,0xF0,0x24,0x10,0x42,0x20,0x41,0xC0,0x86,0x30,0x38,0x0E,/*"度",0*/
	"湿",0x00,0x00,0x27,0xF8,0x14,0x08,0x14,0x08,0x87,0xF8,0x44,0x08,0x44,0x08,0x17,0xF8,
  0x11,0x20,0x21,0x20,0xE9,0x24,0x25,0x28,0x23,0x30,0x21,0x20,0x2F,0xFE,0x00,0x00,/*"湿",0*/
	"显",0x00,0x00,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,
  0x04,0x40,0x44,0x44,0x24,0x44,0x14,0x48,0x14,0x50,0x04,0x40,0xFF,0xFE,0x00,0x00,/*"显",0*/
	"示",0x00,0x00,0x3F,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x01,0x00,
  0x01,0x00,0x11,0x10,0x11,0x08,0x21,0x04,0x41,0x02,0x81,0x02,0x05,0x00,0x02,0x00,/*"示",0*/

3.main函数

复制代码

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#include "delay.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "bsp_i2c.h"
#include "sys.h"

#include "oled.h"
#include "gui.h"
#include "test.h"

int main(void)
{	
	delay_init();	    	       //延时函数初始化    	  
	uart_init(115200);	 
	IIC_Init();
		  
	NVIC_Configuration(); 	   //设置NVIC中断分组2:2位抢占优先级，2位响应优先级 	
	OLED_Init();			         //初始化OLED  
	OLED_Clear(0); 
	while(1)
	{
		//printf("温度湿度显示");
		read_AHT20_once();
		OLED_Clear(0); 
		delay_ms(1500);
  }
}