mysql添加分区出错怎么办？

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我是靠谱客的博主玩命秋天，这篇文章主要介绍mysql添加分区出错怎么办？，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

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如果分区字段没有包含在主键字段内，如表A的主键为ID,分区字段为createtime ，按时间范围分区，代码如下：

复制代码CREATE TABLE T1 (
     id int(8) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
     createtime datetime NOT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (id)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
PARTITION BY RANGE(TO_DAYS (createtime))
(
PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-04-15')),
PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-01')),
PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-15')),
PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-31')),
PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-06-15')),
PARTITION p19 VALUES LESS ThAN  MAXVALUE);1
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CREATE TABLE T1 (
     id int(8) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
     createtime datetime NOT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (id)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
PARTITION BY RANGE(TO_DAYS (createtime))
(
PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-04-15')),
PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-01')),
PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-15')),
PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-31')),
PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-06-15')),
PARTITION p19 VALUES LESS ThAN  MAXVALUE);
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错误提示：#1503

复制代码A PRIMARY KEY MUST INCLUDE ALL COLUMNS IN THE TABLE'S PARTITIONING FUNCTION1
A PRIMARY KEY MUST INCLUDE ALL COLUMNS IN THE TABLE'S PARTITIONING FUNCTION
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MySQL主键的限制，每一个分区表中的公式中的列，必须在主键“unique key”中包括

在MYSQL的官方文档里是这么说明的

分区字段必须包含在主键字段内，至于为什么MYSQL会这样考虑，CSDN的斑竹是这么解释的：

为了确保主键的效率。否则同一主键区的东西一个在Ａ分区，一个在Ｂ分区，显然会比较麻烦。 copyright

下面讨论解决办法，毕竟在一张表里，日期做主键的还是不常见。

方法1：

顺应MYSQL的要求，就把分区字段加入到主键中，组成复合主键

复制代码CREATE TABLE T1 (
     id int(8) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
     createtime datetime NOT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (id,createtime)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
PARTITION BY RANGE(TO_DAYS (createtime))
(
PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-04-15')),
PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-01')),
PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-15')),
PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-31')),
PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-06-15')),
PARTITION p19 VALUES LESS ThAN  MAXVALUE);1
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CREATE TABLE T1 (
     id int(8) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
     createtime datetime NOT NULL,
      PRIMARY KEY (id,createtime)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
PARTITION BY RANGE(TO_DAYS (createtime))
(
PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-04-15')),
PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-01')),
PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-15')),
PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-31')),
PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-06-15')),
PARTITION p19 VALUES LESS ThAN  MAXVALUE);
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测试通过，分区成功。

方法2：

既然MYSQL要把分区字段包含在主键内才能创建分区，那么在创建表的时候，先不指定主键字段，是否可以呢？？

测试如下：

复制代码CREATE TABLE T1 (
     id int(8) NOT NULL ,
     createtime datetime NOT NULL
      ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
PARTITION BY RANGE(TO_DAYS (createtime))
(
PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-04-15')),
PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-01')),
PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-15')),
PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-31')),
PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-06-15')),
PARTITION p19 VALUES LESS ThAN  MAXVALUE);1
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CREATE TABLE T1 (
     id int(8) NOT NULL ,
     createtime datetime NOT NULL
      ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
PARTITION BY RANGE(TO_DAYS (createtime))
(
PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-04-15')),
PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-01')),
PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-15')),
PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-05-31')),
PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DAYS('2010-06-15')),
PARTITION p19 VALUES LESS ThAN  MAXVALUE);
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测试通过，分区成功。OK copyright

继续添加上主键

复制代码alter table t1 add PRIMARY KEY(ID)1
alter table t1 add PRIMARY KEY(ID)
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错误1503，和前面一样的错误。

复制代码alter table t1 add PRIMARY KEY(ID,createtime)1
alter table t1 add PRIMARY KEY(ID,createtime)
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创建主键成功，但还是复合主键，看来是没办法了，必须听指挥了。

主键创建成功，把ID加上自增字段设置

复制代码alter table t1 change id id int not null auto_increment;
alter table t1 auto_increment=1;1
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alter table t1 change id id int not null auto_increment;
alter table t1 auto_increment=1;
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最后结论，MYSQL的分区字段，必须包含在主键字段内。

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