华为/思科/锐捷BFD配置静态路由调用BFD

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我是靠谱客的博主阔达月饼，这篇文章主要介绍华为/思科/锐捷BFD配置静态路由调用BFD，现在分享给大家，希望可以做个参考。

华为的BFD：双向转发检查

全网统一的快速定位故障的检测机制
这种机制与介质无关，协议无关

BFD 基于UDP报文封装端口号3784
报文周期1000ms

BFD 需要建立连接会话：依靠上层应用建立的关系
@静态建立会话-手动
@动态建立会话-自动

配置思路：
   1，建立物理链路连通
   2，全局启动BFD功能
   3，建立BFD会话连接
       --配置本端标识符
       --配置远端标识符
   4，激活BFD配置
   5，将BFD和响应应用结合起来
display bfd session all
===========================================================
AR1
#启用BFD
bfd
quit
#创建本端IP与对端IP的BFD会话
bfd 1 bind peer-ip 192.168.1.253(对端IP) source-ip 192.168.1.252(本地IP)
discriminator local 16           //本地标识符
discriminator remote 17       //对端标识符
commit                           //激活BFD配置
#配合VRRP使用
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 192.168.1.252 255.255.255.0
vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.1.254
vrrp vrid 1 priority 200
vrrp vrid 1 track bfd-session 16   //在VRRP里跟踪BFD会话的本地标识符
vrrp vrid 1 authentication-mode md5 12345
#
-----------------------------------------------------------
AR2
#启用BFD
bfd
quit
#
bfd 1 bind peer-ip 192.168.1.252 source-ip 192.168.1.253
discriminator local 17
discriminator remote 16
commit
#配合VRRP使用
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 192.168.1.253 255.255.255.0
vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.1.254
vrrp vrid 1 priority 200
vrrp vrid 1 track bfd-session 17
vrrp vrid 1 authentication-mode md5 12345
#
===========================================================
BFD与静态路由结合使用
#启用BFD
bfd
quit
#
bfd 1 bind peer-ip 192.168.1.252 source-ip 192.168.1.253
discriminator local 17
discriminator remote 16
commit
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 1.1.1.1 track bfd-session 1

CISCO的BFD：双向转发检查

作用：毫秒级故障检查，通常结合三层协议（如静态路由、vrrp、ospf、BGP等）实现链路故障快速检查

配置思路：

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<Huawei>system-view     //进入全局模式 
[Huawei]sysname R1     //改名
[R1]undo info-center enable     //关闭信息告警提示
[R1]interface LoopBack 0     //进入LoopBack 0接口
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 24     //设置IP地址
[R1-LoopBack0]interface g0/0/0     //进入接口
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.1 24     //设置IP地址
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface g0/0/1     //进入接口
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 21.1.1.1 24     //设置IP地址
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit     //退出
[R1]ip route-static 2.2.2.0 255.255.255.0 21.1.1.2     //配置静态路由
[R1]ip route-static 2.2.2.0 255.255.255.0 12.1.1.2 preference 70     //配置静态路由及优先级（默认为60）

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<Huawei>system-view     //进入全局模式
[Huawei]sysname R2     //改名
[R2]undo info-center en     //关闭信息告警提示	
[R2]interface LoopBack 0     //进入LoopBack 0接口
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 2.2.2.2 24     //设置IP地址
[R2-LoopBack0]interface g0/0/0     //进入接口
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.2 24     //设置IP地址
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface g0/0/1     //进入接口
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 21.1.1.2 24     //设置IP地址
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit     //退出
[R2]ip route-static 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 21.1.1.1     //配置静态路由
[R2]ip route-static 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.1.1.1 preference 70     //配置静态路由以及优先级（默认为60）
R1

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[R1]dis ip routing-table     //查看路由表 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 16       Routes : 14

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

1.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   1.1.1.1         LoopBack0
        1.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
      1.1.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
        2.2.2.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   21.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet     默认优先级的线路
0/0/1
       12.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   12.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       12.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
     12.1.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       21.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   21.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       21.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
     21.1.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[R1]

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[R1]dis ip routing-table     //查看路由表 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 16       Routes : 14       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        1.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   1.1.1.1         LoopBack0
        1.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
      1.1.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
        2.2.2.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   21.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet     默认优先级的线路
0/0/1
       12.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   12.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       12.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
     12.1.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       21.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   21.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       21.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
     21.1.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[R1]

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[R1]bfd     //全局使能BFD 
[R1-bfd]quit     //退出 
[R1]bfd 1 bind peer-ip 21.1.1.2 source-ip 21.1.1.1     //配置BFD组1
[R1-bfd-session-1]discriminator local 1     //本地标识1（标识需要相互堆成）
[R1-bfd-session-1]discriminator remote 2     //对端标识2
[R1-bfd-session-1]commit     //确认提交
[R1-bfd-session-1]quit     //退出
[R1]ip route-static 2.2.2.0 24 21.1.1.2 track bfd-session 1     //静态路由调用BFD

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[R2]bfd     //全局使能BFD
[R2-bfd]quit     // 退出
[R2]bfd 1 bind peer-ip 21.1.1.1 source-ip 21.1.1.2     //配置BFD组1
[R2-bfd-session-1]discriminator local 2     //本地标识2（标识需要相互堆成）
[R2-bfd-session-1]discriminator remote 1     //对端标识1
[R2-bfd-session-1]commit     //确认提交
[R2-bfd-session-1]quit     //退出
[R2]ip route-static 1.1.1.0 24 21.1.1.1 track bfd-session 1     //静态路由调用BFD

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Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

1.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   1.1.1.1         LoopBack0
        1.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
      1.1.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
        2.2.2.0/24  Static  70   0          RD   12.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet     //线路已切换过来
0/0/0
       12.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   12.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       12.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
     12.1.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       21.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   21.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       21.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
     21.1.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[R1]

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[R1]dis ip routing-table     //查看路由表 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 16       Routes : 14       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        1.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   1.1.1.1         LoopBack0
        1.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
      1.1.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
        2.2.2.0/24  Static  70   0          RD   12.1.1.2        GigabitEthernet     //线路已切换过来
0/0/0
       12.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   12.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       12.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
     12.1.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       21.1.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   21.1.1.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       21.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
     21.1.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[R1]

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[R1]dis bfd session all     //查看BFD信息 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Remote     PeerIpAddr      State     Type        InterfaceName            
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1     2          21.1.1.2        Down      S_IP_PEER         -                  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Total UP/DOWN Session Number : 0/1
[R1]

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[R1]dis bfd session all verbose     //查看BFD详细信息
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Session MIndex : 256       (Multi Hop) State : Down      Name : 1              
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Local Discriminator    : 1                Remote Discriminator   : 2         
  Session Detect Mode    : Asynchronous Mode Without Echo Function             
  BFD Bind Type          : Peer IP Address                                     
  Bind Session Type      : Static                                              
  Bind Peer IP Address   : 21.1.1.2                                            
  Bind Interface         : -                                                   
  Track Interface        : -                                                   
  Bind Source IP Address : 21.1.1.1                                            
  FSM Board Id           : 0                TOS-EXP                : 7         
  Min Tx Interval (ms)   : 1000             Min Rx Interval (ms)   : 1000      
  Actual Tx Interval (ms): 10500            Actual Rx Interval (ms): 10500     
  Local Detect Multi     : 3                Detect Interval (ms)   : -         
  Echo Passive           : Disable          Acl Number             : -         
  Destination Port       : 3784             TTL                    : 254       
  Proc Interface Status  : Disable          Process PST            : Disable   
  WTR Interval (ms)      : -                                                   
  Active Multi           : 3                                                   
  Last Local Diagnostic  : Control Detection Time Expired                      
  Bind Application       : No Application Bind
  Session TX TmrID       : 1036             Session Detect TmrID   : -         
  Session Init TmrID     : -                Session WTR TmrID      : -         
  Session Echo Tx TmrID  : -                                                   
  PDT Index              : FSM-0 | RCV-0 | IF-0 | TOKEN-0                      
  Session Description    : -                                                   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total UP/DOWN Session Number : 0/1
[R1]

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[R1]dis bfd session all verbose     //查看BFD详细信息
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Session MIndex : 256       (Multi Hop) State : Down      Name : 1              
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Local Discriminator    : 1                Remote Discriminator   : 2         
  Session Detect Mode    : Asynchronous Mode Without Echo Function             
  BFD Bind Type          : Peer IP Address                                     
  Bind Session Type      : Static                                              
  Bind Peer IP Address   : 21.1.1.2                                            
  Bind Interface         : -                                                   
  Track Interface        : -                                                   
  Bind Source IP Address : 21.1.1.1                                            
  FSM Board Id           : 0                TOS-EXP                : 7         
  Min Tx Interval (ms)   : 1000             Min Rx Interval (ms)   : 1000      
  Actual Tx Interval (ms): 10500            Actual Rx Interval (ms): 10500     
  Local Detect Multi     : 3                Detect Interval (ms)   : -         
  Echo Passive           : Disable          Acl Number             : -         
  Destination Port       : 3784             TTL                    : 254       
  Proc Interface Status  : Disable          Process PST            : Disable   
  WTR Interval (ms)      : -                                                   
  Active Multi           : 3                                                   
  Last Local Diagnostic  : Control Detection Time Expired                      
  Bind Application       : No Application Bind
  Session TX TmrID       : 1036             Session Detect TmrID   : -         
  Session Init TmrID     : -                Session WTR TmrID      : -         
  Session Echo Tx TmrID  : -                                                   
  PDT Index              : FSM-0 | RCV-0 | IF-0 | TOKEN-0                      
  Session Description    : -                                                   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

     Total UP/DOWN Session Number : 0/1
[R1]